3RD INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON TECHNOLOGY - ENGINEERING & SCIENCE - Kuala Lumpur - Malaysia (2017-02-09)

The Role Of Coconut Water And Chitosan As An Organic Plant Growth Regulator On The Potato Explant Growth In Tissue Culture
In current time, propagation using in vivo culture or tissue culture is the rapid method to propagate the plant in high quality and quantity in short time. The seedling from tissue culture could free from diseases such viruses, fungi and bacteria. In which, propagation using conventional method to avoid diseases face the difficulty. Hence, this method is the best choice to propagate the plant. Particularly, the plants that difficult on producing seed for cultivation. However, propagation using tissue culture is very expensive due to need the facility and the unusual formula for growing media. One of ways to decrease the budget on propagation using tissue culture is modification the formula ingredients such plant growth regulator source. In many studies have been reported the modification on Murashige and Skoog (MS) culture media on tissue culture. The modification using organic ingredients to substitute plant growth regulator such as coconut water and Chitosan could take over the role of several hormone such auxins, cytokinin and gibberellin hormone. Coconut water contains several compounds such as amino acid, sugar, vitamin, and plant growth regulator. One of groups’ cytokinin hormone compounds is zeatin. In which, this compound has ability on cell differentiation of meristem cell. A citizen reported that inducted signal on gibberellin and auxins syntheses. According to the facts in many previous studies, in this study, we would like to use coconut water and Chitosan as substitute organic plant growth regulator with the explant from potato meristem. Due to the level of concentration of these materials was different for each plant. In this study, we would like to obtain the optimum level of potato tissue culture. This study was conducted at the tissue culture laboratory, Agriculture Faculty, University of Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia. The completely randomized design with 16 treatments and 3 replications was used in this study. In each treatment contains of 5 units (one explant/unit and 10 ml media culture). The treatments are the combination between four level coconut water and Chitosan (0, 100, 200 dan 300 ml L-1; 0, 10, 20 dan 30 ppm). The potato cultivar in this study is Granola. The results of this research showed that the coconut water and Chitosan (0 ml L-1; 10 ppm) could increase the number of node and leaf of plantlet at 2 weeks in culture and (100 ml L-1; 0 ppm) at 4 weeks in culture. The great number of roots was shown at level 100 ml L-1 of coconut water and Chitosan 0 ppm after 4 weeks in culture We conclude that the coconut water and chitosan could effect on the explant growth in tissue culture of Potato as same as plant growth regulator action such auxins, cytokinin and gibberellin at different stage growth.
Anne Nuraini, A.I Pertiwi, Kusumiyati, Muhamad Kadapi