5TH International Congress on Technology - Engineering & Science - Kuala Lumpur - Malaysia (2018-02-01)

Lady Mahin, Shapour And The Wise (yungi Analysis Of The Wise In Khosrow And Shirin Poetry Of Nezami Gangavi In Iran)

One of the significant old model in analytical psychology is the inside wise. This old model clarifies the main reason for many key decision in real life or stories. The wise existence in collective subconscious could be defined as follows: an ancient entity that has no gender and no age. It exists in human subconscious and can be helpful for many problems when necessary. Shirin is guided by lady Mahin from one side and partial guide of Shapour from the other throughout the poetry. In fact, Lady Mahin can be imagined as the illustration and incarnation of Shirins wisdom. Therefore all over the poetry, Lady Mahin and the wise for Shirin are transmuted and consequently Lady Mahin can be the symbol of the internal wisdom and the old symbol of the wise for Shirin. Shapour similar to Lady Mahin is a good guide for Khosrow. This is the one who starts the love story of Khosrow and Shirin. Thus, in Khosrow and Shirin poetry, lover and the beloved are guided by wisdom to recognize the right way and preserve their human value. Keywords: Lady Mahin, Shirin, the internal wise, Shapour, Khosrow and Shirin poetry Introduction In Khosrow and Shirin poetry Lady Mahin and Shapour can be considered as the old symbols of wisdom. They are guides to lovers in some affairs that cannot understand them and find their ways. Great Lady Shamira ,who is called Lady Mahin due to her superiorities, is the commander of a feminine utopia called Arman. A Lady who is fortunate, unmarried and has just one niece that will be mounted on throne after her. She is a sample of the old wise man. The old wise man is the old symbol of wisdom and reason, symbol of knowledge and previous life mysteries. She is the symbol of immortality that is the symbol of congenital wisdom in last centuries. Lady Mahin is the knowing old woman, underground woman or Yungs Grand Mum who appears differently. The main faces are: real mother, step mother, mother-in-low and any woman that connect to her like nurse, nanny or an ancestor. (Yung.22:1390) Lady Mahin, Shirin’s inside wisdom Lady Mahin’s guidance starts from the beginning of Khosrow and Shirin’s meeting ,seeing the picture of Khosrow which is illustrated by Shapour, fell in love with him and suggested by Shapour (who is another wise) planning to ride to Iran on Shabdiz to see the young prince. Shirin requests Lady Mahin for Shabdiz, but Lady Mahin, aware of an incident, recommends another horse, as Shabdiz is very quick. But there is no option, Shabdiz is not dearer than Shirin. (Khosrow and Shirin, 62: 3-10) Attributes of grand Mum is clearly conceived in Lady Mahin’s behavior. The attributes include: motherhood passion, feminine magic power, wisdom, spiritual kindness which is beyond reason and philosophy, guiding instinct and motive, what cares and raises (Yung, 1390, 24). Lady Mahin is very conscious. When Shirin returns to her regretful for what she did, there is no blame. She knows when and how to advice. She does not blame her and embraces her with kindness and gives her those seventy fairies again to grant her happiness. She tries to get to Shirin’s Heart to advise her in the right time. (Khosrow and Shirin, 94: 7-21) Lady Mahin is Shirin’s physical wisdom: she is the wise aware of future and therefor advises and guides Shirin.To see why a woman guide another woman ,we shall look at Julian Jinz’s theory: Biologically woman’s brain is less partial, that is psychological activities in women is not concentrated in one of the brain hemispheres. Women’s mental abilities are distributed in two hemispheres. Therefore ,we can expect most language functions in woman’s right hemisphere. That leads to the fact that woman can foresee more (Jinz, 1386:371). Lady Mahin’s advices and guidance are significant. The most important message for Shirin is chastity: she is aware of Khosrow’s capricious and his wives house. On the other hand, she knows her beloved niece is in love with him. So she starts to advise Shirin not to be tempted by the silver tongue and really wants her, he must get to her according to the customs and tradition (Khosrow and Shirin, 101:10-21). Shirins heart is aching for separation from Khosrow and curses herself. She blames the cruel fate for this evil and regrets that she pushed Khosrow away but there is no use in regret. There is a fight among her inner powers .Sometimes a Celestine sound whispers to her to be patient and sometimes lust demon asks her to go for the king.(Khosrow- Shirin 143:11-12) We observe Shirin fights with her inner powers several times in the poetry. In the encounter between Celestine angle and lust demon. The angle always wins. About these powers we observe Shirin. Inside conversation in different cases. In fact, devil and goodness fight that sometimes appear and Lady Mahin turns to one side. Julial suggests that its physiologic hint is psychological tension resulting from decision or contrast. The thing that is hallucination of schizophrenic patient. Shirin exhausted and disappointed, seeks Lady Mahin for her solution. She goes to her and talks to her about her sorrow of heart and Lady Mahin asks her to be patient (Khosrow-Shirin; 144: 1-13) Shapour, Khosrows inside wise But Shapour special assistant of Khosrow is a knowing man that is the relationship between lover and beloved and he is the one who sparkle the love for lovers. He is a skillful painter who is the second Mani and he depicts the Sassanid prince to Shirin. He is another symbol of the old wise, a common guide between lover and beloved and they ask him for guidance. Shapour is a wise that has special feature by Nezami that is deceiving and magic. In primitive societies, it was believed that the old wise had magic and equipped with magical power and they use these abilities in evil way. When they faced a problem that could not solve it by themselves or rely on their own abilities, went to the old wise. In case of important situation, they went to the magician as well because they thought that he consults with ghosts and an extra ordinary power would protect them. Thus, in dangerous situation where the usual mind does not know what to do, the first reaction is to go to the wise old (Yung; 1386: 79) Shapour is decisive and a magician and it seems to have connections with Metaphysics and Nezami believes Khosrow guided by Shapour, deceives Shirin, he considers Shirin a bird that is trapped in a fly-catching spider. Khosrow hearing about Shirin description from Shapour falls in love with her. Is Khosrow really in love or reaching to that beauty that Shapour described made him so? The only way to reach to all Lady Mahin’s wealth, pretties and Shabdiz is to reach to Shirin. The solution is with Shapour and Khosrow asks him to send his love message to her in any way. (Khosrow-Shirin47;12,13) Khosrow asks Shapour to send his love message to Shirin and if she is as flexible as wax, put Khosrow’s love in her heart and if as hard as iron, do not hit the iron and return. Shapour helps him. He, who is fully faithful, predicaments himself and considers himself better than Mani in painting. He wants to make a magic, using paint and brush to make Shirin in love with Khosrow and assures Khosrow to do this and deceive Shirin ( same, 17-20) The question is that why Shapour starts to talk about deceiving Shirin from the beginning. Why does a king like Khosrow ,as Nezami describes, try to deceive to reach Shirin? If Khosrow is really in love with Shirin ,what is deceiving for? The answer lies in Nezamis literature and in a deconstructive view, it means beyond the text, seeking untold words of the creator and exploring the text blankness. Such a view causes that although the text is written for a special reason, since it is exposed to reader in writer’s absence, open the way for different interpretations. There could be interpretations as many people as they read the text. Roland Barthes believes text is numerous. We can look at the text as an undefined topic. It is not necessary to consider vital respect for the text. Text could be broken and goes beyond its appearance ( Kann Davis and others 386:60-63). The theory followers believe for understanding a text, the author cannot be documented and there should not be an attempt to recognize the author’s mind. He considers the reader is the center of meaning and text meaning is reader’s interpretation, not the author’s thought. When the text lacks a fixed and predefined meaning, readers explore the hidden meaning in a text that invalidates the final meaning of text. Text is based on deconstruction that Derrida suggests as a reading strategy or way. (Purmandarian, 1388:20) If we look at the text from deconstruction point of view, it can be said that Khosrow, who is famous to be fond of women in this text, is not a real lover; and the greed to reach a beautiful girl like Shirin ,that has some benefits for Khosrow, is not possible except by deceiving. Since Nezami knows his description of Khosrow is not real; he tries to create a love text, and in it lover and beloved should be introduced almost as perfect as possible and the other note is the presence in a machismo society. He has to follow the norms of machismo society. But the subconscious trace could be found in different parts of text that is beyond his authority. When Nezami speaks about women consciously, he is influenced by macismo society and uses adverse ideas; but when it is about his subconscious, the story changes. Shirin lives in Arman, where Lady Mahin rules and is fortunate, although unmarried. Arman, with lady Mahin on top, is a feminine utopia and there are several beautiful women there. Man is an unreachable factor for women. Everything is good and perfect in this city, and man has no place in it. Even the palace guards are women. Women are happy without husband in this city. In this utopian society, Shapour is the messenger of Khosrow for Shirin. He wants to do something against norms of Arman; thus, it must be in a way not to face Shirin’s resistance. There must be a way to use magic against her. Nezami addresses Shapour decisive and magician several times. Therefore Shapour uses the magic , takes a paper and depicts Khosrow as he is, and hangs it on a tree on Shirin’s path(same 51:4,5). Shirin among other beautiful women is enjoying herself, suddenly sees Khosrow’s picture which is painted by Shapour and orders to bring her the picture( same, 52: 1-3_ When she sees Khosrow’s picture ,she loses her mind. Guards, due to her feelings, take the paper and tear it into pieces. In a feminine utopia, where guards are even women and there is no way for men, Shirin‘s love for an unknown man’s picture is to disobey the norms of society and rules of this utopia. Shapour puts the picture on Shirin’s path for the second time and the guards stop her again and hide the picture beneath a stone and say that it is done by jinn and fairy. Finally, for the third and last time, Shirin goes herself and takes the picture and loses her mind (same, 54:15). Shirin has fallen in love with Khosrow; her behavior is not normal and speaks badly. Nezami, considers Shapour a spider that hunted a good-omen bird. They are demons who made a fairy mad ( same,54:16,17) Nezami seems to declare his sorrow for this event and does not know Shirin suitable for Khosrow. Shirin is a bird caught by a spider and it needs thinking! What is Nezami’s sorrow for? Can theories based on deconstruction be useful again? Emami says: deconstruction causes to decentralize meaning in a text. Therefore, the word and expression orders have no definite meaning to make a fixed meaning in the text. It can be said that deconstruction is a kind of analytic work that deals with descriptions of special ideas in text which is based on finding contradiction in same text.( Emami 1382:9) Conclusion Lady Mahin’s guidance and pieces of advice start as Khosrow and Shirin meet each other. Lady Mahin in Khosrow and Shirin story guides Shirin to goodness. She rules over a society full of women and always reminds Shirin about chasity. Lady Mahin can be the physical wisdom or the old wise. That is the congenital wisdom that Yung suggests, changing to grand Mum guiding the women. Shirin is involved in her inner powers; when she is in doubt ,she gets Lady Mahin’s advice and finds the way. Shapour’s role as guide, messenger and assistant is also outstanding and it seems everything in his hands sometimes. He is the one who attracts lovers everywhere. He takes Shirin to Iran and takes her back. He helps Khosrow to reach Shirin and takes Shirin to Khosrow’s meeting confidentially at the end of the poetry. He made the sparkle of love, getting the lovers to one another and received a good reward. Khosrow gives the government of Arman to him. Decisive Shapour playing magics on Shirin (or even Khosrow) and bonding them finds something beyond his imaginations: a utopian city like Arman with all its belongings. Refrences: Emami, N. (2004). Deconstruction on literary analysis process. Ahvaz. RSH. Payfar, w. (2010). The principles of hypnotism. Translated by Jamalian. R. 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Mohsen Izadyar