4TH International Congress on Technology - Engineering & SCIENCE - Kuala Lumpur - Malaysia (2017-08-05)

Production Of Activated Carbon From Coconut Shell (cocos Nucifera) With Chemical Activity Process Of ZnCl2 Using Microwave

Coconut shell is contains cellulose and lignin abundantly, which has high potential for reutilization. Coconut shell can be used to produce activated carbon, which can serve to adsorb gases. In this study, activated carbon was prepared from coconut shell by chemical activation using microwave radiation. 5 grams of coconut shell was impregnated using zinc chloride (ZnCl2) solution at 50 ml in the ratio of raw material with zinc chloride (ZnCl2) 1: 0,5; 1: 1; 1: 2 for 4 hours at 85 °C. Then use the microwave pyrolysis with variation of power microwave 600 watt, 800 watt and 1000 watt for 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 minutes. Best result was obtained based on the iodine number for microwave power of 800 watt, pyrolysis time of 15 minutes, ratio of raw material with zinc chloride (ZnCl2) 1:1 and yield of 88,2% at iodine number is 666,225 mg/g. Carbonyl group (C=O) was showed in Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) characterization which is indicated the active substance of carbon. After pyrolysis process, the alkuna group (C≡C) was appeared. It’s showed the increment of carbon. This is also supported by the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS) characterization result. The formation of pores is heterogeneous, it was concluded in SEM result. From EDS result for activated carbon which has the highest iodine number, it showed the amount of carbon and oxides is 86,40% and 2,70%, respectively. The highest recovery of ZnCl2 is 94,30 %, it was obtained in 15 minutes of pyrolysis time, ratio raw material with zinc chloride (ZnCl2) 1:2 and microwave power of 600 watt.
Fatimah Batubara, Ghendis Ekawati Ayu, Muliani Syahputri Hasibuan, Muhammad Turmuzi