4TH International Congress on Technology - Engineering & SCIENCE - Kuala Lumpur - Malaysia (2017-08-05)

Isolation And Characterization Of NCC From Corncob Waste Using H2SO4 Hydrolysis Method
Corncob is one of industrial waste that contains cellulose content in the amount of 39.1%, which makes it having high potential to be raw material in cellulose nanocrystals production. Corncob was delignificated with 3.5% HNO3 and NaNO2, under precipitated process with 17.5% NaOH, and bleaching was performed with 10% H2O2. Cellulose nanocrystals were obtained by hydrolysis process using 45% H2SO4. Characterization analysis by Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) from corncob and cellulose nanocrystals showed that the absorption peak indicating the presence of cellulose clusters which were attained from corncob and NCC has many similarities, and there was no new bond formation. Cellulose nanocrystals particle size was observed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and the result showed that the obtained cellulose nanocrystals were 9-29 nm in size. Crystallinity index was determined by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis from corncob waste and the obtained cellulose nanocrystals had the index of 70.05%. This showed that the atomic structure of cellulose nanocrystals was quite ordered, therefore the high crystallinity index was acquired. Keywords: cellulose nanocrystals, corncob, crystallinity index, delignification, hydrolysis.
Hamidah Harahap, Ridho Nawansyah, Halimatuddahliana Nasution, Taslim Iriany